The second carlist war
Resurgence of the conflict and military defeat
Thirty years after the First Carlist War, Gipuzkoa was once again the setting for a civil war. After the dethronement of Isabel II in the revolution of 1868 and the abdication of Amadeo de Saboya – who faced with a clear lack of support – the proclamation of the first Spanish Republic led to a war between the Carlists and various liberal conservatives. In 1872, various Carlist military groups crossed the French frontier and organized themselves into guerrilla parties, of which the most notable was that run by the cruel priest Santa Cruz.
