| 1804 | Azkoitia-born Vicenta Antonia Moguel, first famous female writer in Basque language, publishes a collection of fables entitled "Ipui onac". | 1808 | Committees in favour of independence for the Spanish colonies in America are created in Mexico and Montevideo. Caracas-born Simón Bolívar "The Liberator" dies without achieving his dream of a politically united South America. |
| 1813 | Allied troops set San Sebastian on fire when the French are expelled from the Peninsula. | 1812 | Napoleon has 1,200,000 soldiers under his command, more than 700,000 of which invade Russia. Only 58,000 survived. |
| 1839 | End of the First Carlist War with the Convention of Bergara. | 1837 | Victoria is crowned queen of Great Britain and Ireland and Empress of India. |
| 1841 | Act of Modification of the Fueros of Navarre. The Fueros of Alava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa are maintained "without detriment to constitutional unity". Among other changes, this involves transferring the customs houses on the Ebro river to the Bidasoa. | 1841 | Livingstone arrives in Africa as a missionary, and spends the next thirty years exploring the southern half of the continent. |
| 1845 | Incorporation of what was then the Domain of Oñate to the Province of Gipuzkoa. | 1848 | Marx and Engels publish their "Communist Manifesto". Industrialisation has given rise to a new social class: the proletariat. |
| 1856 | Linguist Luis Luciano Bonaparte embarks on his first trip to study the Basque dialects in the field. In Gipuzkoa, he describes the Gipuzkoan dialect as being spoken in Goierri, Beterri and the Urola valley; Biscayan in the Deba valley; Upper Navarrese in the Bidasoa and Oiartzun valleys. | 1852 | Abolitionist Harriet Beecher Stowe pens "Uncle Tom's Cabin". |
| 1858-64 | The Madrid-Irun railway line is built, connecting with the Paris line at Hendaye. | 1859 | Construction work begins on the Suez Canal. |
| 1865 | First regatta on record: rowing as a tourist attraction, transcending the rivalry of fishermen. | 1863 | The first official rules of soccer are published in London. The modern concept of mass sporting events starts to develop. |
| 1868 | The "Glorious Revolution" catches Isabella II off-guard on holiday in San Sebastian, from where she leaves for exile. | 1867 | Russia sells Alaska to the USA. |
| 1876-78 | Abolition of the Fueros of Alava, Biscay and Gipuzkoa in the aftermath of the Second Carlist War, and first Economic Agreement. | 1874 | The title of the painting "Impression, Sunrise" gives birth to a new style of painting, music and literature: impressionism. |
| 1880 | Publication of "Euskalerria" magazine and Basque cultural renaissance. | 1880 | Abolition of slavery in Spain, still practiced in the last remaining colonies. |
| 1881 | Death of Iparragirre, from Urretxu, author of "Gernikako Arbola". Unlike most of the tens of thousands of Basque emigrants who left for America, he had returned to his homeland. | 1880-85 | Pasteur develops vaccines against several diseases. |
| 1889 | Maltzaga railway: industrialisation in Gipuzkoa gives way to a dense railway network. | 1885 | The first car with a petrol engine is built. |
| 1893 | Serious incidents in San Sebastián to vindicate "Gernikako Arbola". Basque nationalism is about to appear as a political party. | 1895 | The Lumière brothers invent the cinematograph. |
| 1897 | First workers' strike in Eibar. | 1898 | Spain loses its last colonies in the Philippines, Cuba and Puerto Rico. |